Kupfuya nguruve kunofanirwa kuita mativi mashanu, kureva, mhando, chikafu, nharaunda, manejimendi, uye kudzivirira denda. Izvi zvishanu zvinhu zvakakosha. Pakati pazvo, zvakatipoteredza, zvakasiyana-siyana, kudya, uye kudzivirira denda zvinonzi zvirambidzo zvina zvikuru zvehunyanzvi, uye kukanganisa kwenguruve dzezvakatipoteredza kwakakura. Kana kutonga kwezvakatipoteredza kusina kunaka, kukwanisa kwekugadzira hakugoni kutambidzwa, asiwo chikonzero chezvirwere zvakawanda. Chete nekupa nguruve nzvimbo yekugara yakagadzikana tinogona kupa kutamba kwakazara kune kwayo kugona kwekugadzira.
Unhu hwehupenyu hwenguruve ndeiyi: nguruve dzinotya kutonhora, nguruve huru dzinotya kupisa, uye nguruve hadzina kunyorova, uye dzinoda mhepo yakachena. Naizvozvo, chimiro uye dhizaini yenguruve huru yepurazi yenguruve inofanirwa kutariswa zvakatenderedza matambudziko aya. Zvinhu izvi zvinokanganisa mumwe nemumwe uye zvinoganhurana.
(1) Tembiricha: Tembiricha inoita basa guru mune zvakatipoteredza zvinhu. Nguruve dzinonzwa zvakanyanya nekukwirira kwekushisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Tembiricha yakaderera ndiyo inonyanya kukuvadza nguruve. Kana nguruve dzakafumurwa mu1 ° C kwemaawa maviri, dzinogona kuomesa nechando, nechando, uye kunyange nechando kusvika pakufa. Nguruve dzakura dzinogona kuomeswa nechando munzvimbo ye8 ° C kwenguva yakareba, asi dzinogona kuomeswa nechando pasina kudya kana kunwa; nguruve dzakatetepa dzinogona kuomeswa nechando kana dzava pa -5 ° C. Kutonhora kune hukuru husina kunanga hunokonzera nguruve. Ndicho chikonzero chikuru chezvirwere zvemanyoka zvakadai senguruve uye infectious gastroenteritis, uye inogonawo kukurudzira kuitika kwezvirwere zvekufema. Muedzo unoratidza kuti kana nguruve yekuchengetedza ichigara munzvimbo iri pasi pe12 ° C, kuwedzera kwayo kurema kune boka rekutonga kunononoka ne4.3%. Mubairo wekudya uchaderedzwa ne5%. Mumwaka unotonhora, zvinodikanwa zvekushisa zvedzimba dzenguruve dzevakuru hazvisi pasi pe10 ° C; imba yenguruve yekuchengetedza inofanira kuchengetedzwa pa18 ° C. Mavhiki e2-3 enguruve inoda anenge 26 ° C; nguruve mukati mevhiki imwe inoda nzvimbo ye30 ° C; tembiricha mubhokisi rekuchengetedza yakakwira.
Kusiyana kwekushisa pakati pemasikati neusiku mumatsutso uye matsutso yakakura, iyo inogona kusvika pasi pe10 ° C. Nguruve yakazara haigoni kugadziriswa uye inogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana nyore nyore. Naizvozvo, panguva iyi, zvinodikanwa kuvhara magonhi nemahwindo nenguva yakafanira kudzikisa mutsauko wekushisa pakati pemasikati neusiku. Nguruve dzevanhu vakuru hadzisi kupisa. Kana tembiricha yakakwira kupfuura 28 ° C, nguruve hombe ine muviri unopfuura 75kg inogona kuva neasthma phenomenon: kana ikapfuura 30 ° C, huwandu hwekudya kwenguruve hunoderera zvakanyanya, mubairo wekudya unoderera, uye kukura kunononoka. . Kana tembiricha yakakwira kupfuura 35 ° C uye isingatore matanho ekutonhora eiyo anti-controlled agency, dzimwe nguruve dzine mafuta dzinogona kuitika. Mbeu dzakatakura dzinogona kukonzera kubva pamuviri, nguruve chido chepabonde chinodzikira, hurombo husina kunaka, uye 2-3 mu2-3 yavo. Zvakaoma kupora mukati memwedzi. Thermal stress inogona kutevera zvirwere zvakawanda.
Kupisa kweimba yenguruve kunoenderana nekunobva macalories muimba yenguruve uye dhigirii rekurasikirwa nekurasikirwa. Pasi pemamiriro ekusava nemidziyo yekudziya, kunobva kupisa kunonyanya kuenderana nekupisa kwemuviri wenguruve uye chiedza chezuva. Kuwanda kwekupisa kwekupisa kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakadai semagadzirirwo, zvinhu zvekuvaka, midziyo yemhepo uye kutungamira kweimba yenguruve. Mumwaka unotonhora, kupisa nekudzivirira zvivakwa zvinofanirwa kuwedzerwa pakudyisa L Da nguruve uye nguruve dzekuchengetedza. Muzhizha rinopisa, basa rekurwisa-kuora mwoyo kwenguruve huru rinofanira kuitwa. Kana iwe ukawedzera mhepo uye kutonhora, kurumidza kurasikirwa kwekupisa. Deredza kuwanda kwekudya kwenguruve muimba yenguruve kuderedza kupisa kweimba. Ichi chinhu
Basa rinonyanya kukosha kune pamuviri sowe uye nguruve.
(2) Humidity: Humidity zvinoreva kuwanda kwemwando uri mumhepo mumba menguruve. Kazhinji, inomiririrwa nehunyoro hunoenderana. Nzvimbo tsvene yemukuru wenguruve ndeye 65% kusvika 80%. Muedzo unoratidza kuti munharaunda ye14-23 ° C, hunyoro hunoenderana ne50% kusvika 80% yezvakatipoteredza ndiyo inonyanya kukodzera kurarama kwenguruve. Gadzirisa midziyo yekufemesa uye vhura magonhi nemahwindo kuderedza hunyoro hwekamuri.
(3) ventilation: Nekuda kwekuwanda kwenguruve, huwandu hweimba yenguruve hushoma uye hwakavharwa. Imba yenguruve yakaunganidza huwandu hukuru hwekabhoni dhaibhorosi, mhepo, hydrogen sulfide uye guruva. Yakavharwa mwaka wechando. Kana nguruve ichigara munzvimbo iyi kwenguva yakareba, inogona kutanga yakurudzira iyo yepamusoro yekufema turakiti mucosa, kukonzera kuzvimba, uye kuita nguruve utachiona kana kukurudzira zvirwere zvekufema, zvakadai seasthma, infectious pleural pneumonia, nguruve pneumonia, etc. Mhepo yakasviba inogona kukonzerawo nguruve's stress syndrome. Inoratidzwa mukuderera kwekuda kudya, kuderera kwekuyamwisa, kupenga kana kuneta, uye kutsenga nzeve. Ventilation ichiri nzira yakakosha yekubvisa magasi anokuvadza.

Positive pressure ventilation uye kutonhora musimboti
Iyo inotambira iyo yakanaka uye inofefetera uye inotonhorera pasi ndiyo Eastern Evapable Cold Fin. Iyo musimboti ndeyekutumira mhepo yechisikigo kunze kwezvipfuyo uye imba yehuku kuburikidza neyakanyorova kusefa nekutonhodza, uye nekuramba uchiitumira mumba kuburikidza neayo fan uye mhepo yekugovera pombi system. , Magasi anokuvadza akadai sehydrogen sulfide anobudiswa nepamasuo akazaruka kana semi-akavhurika nemahwindo nenzira yekumanikidza kwakanaka [zvakadai sezvipfuyo zvakavharwa uye dzimba dzehuku dzinofanirwa kuwedzeredzwa nemafeni ekumanikidza zvisina kunaka] kuve nechokwadi chekuti mune yakachena uye yakachena mukati. imba yezvipfuwo neyehuku. Mhepo inotonhorera uye yakachena mhepo, kuderedza njodzi yekutapukirwa nechirwere, kudzikisira kupisa kwekukurudzira kupisa pazvipfuyo nehuku, uye kugadzirisa iyo imwe-nguva mhinduro yekufefetera, kutonhora, uye kucheneswa. Positive ventilation uye kutonhora kutonhora zvishoma nezvishoma kunova sarudzo yekutanga kune itsva uye inoshandura mapurazi enguruve mumapurazi makuru enguruve. Iri zvakare sarudzo yekutanga kumafekitori akasiyana siyana kuvandudza kufefetedza nekutonhodza kwewekishopu.

Core mukana uye kushandiswa kweyakanaka pressure ventilation uye kutonhora system
1. Inoshandiswa kune yakavhurika, semi-yakavhurika uye yakavharwa nharaunda yemapurazi matsva uye ekare enguruve, hupenyu hwebasa hweyuniti hunogona kusvika makore anopfuura gumi.
2. Kudyara diki nekuchengetedza simba, chete 1 dhigirii / awa yesimba pa 100 square metres, mhepo inobuda inogona kutonhora pasi ne4 kusvika 10 ° C, kufefetedza, kutonhora, okisijeni, uye kucheneswa kurigadzirisa panguva.
3. Nzvimbo yakagadziriswa ndeyekudzikisa pasi nguruve, uye panguva imwechete inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushisa kwenguruve nenguruve kuti zvibudirire kudzivirira nguruve uye kuderedza; mbesa dzekubatsira dzinowedzera ne40% mukupisa kwemamiriro ekunze
4. Kunyatsopedza simba rekupisa, kudzivirira zvirwere, kudzivirira kuoma pakuzvara, kunatsiridza nguruve kuti dziwane chiyero chekurarama, kuvandudza zvakanyanya kunaka kwembeu yenguruve yakakodzera kune greenhouses, mashedhi makuru, nguruve, huku, mombe nezvimwe zvipfuyo nehuku. Inonyanya kukodzera nguruve huru. Imba yekuendesa munda, imba yekuchengetedza, boar bar, imba yakakora