Inkqubo yokupholisa ikhethini emanzi yefeni yindlela yokupholisa esetyenziswayo ngoku kwaye yaziwe kwigreenhouse yemveliso yeentyatyambo, enesiphumo esimangalisayo kwaye ilungele ukukhula kwesityalo. Ke indlela yokufakela inkqubo yekhethini emanzi yefeni ngokufanelekileyo ekwakhiweni kwendlu eluhlaza yeentyatyambo ukunika umdlalo opheleleyo kwisiphumo sayo. Ngaba ukukhula kweentyatyambo kunendima ekukhuthazeni?

Umgaqo wenkqubo

Okokuqala, masiqonde umgaqo osebenzayo wefeni ephantsi: xa umoya oshushu wangaphandle ufunxwa ngekhuselo elimanzi elizaliswe ngamanzi, amanzi kwikhethini emanzi afunxa ubushushu kwaye abe ngumphunga, ngaloo ndlela ehlisa ubushushu bomoya ongena kwindawo eluhlaza. . Ngokuqhelekileyo, udonga olumanzi lomkhusane olubandakanya i-pad emanzi, inkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi kwi-pad emanzi, impompo yamanzi kunye netanki yamanzi yakhiwe ngokuqhubekayo kunye nodonga olulodwa lwe-greenhouse, ngelixa abalandeli begxininise kwenye i-gable ye-greenhouse. . Umkhusane omanzi kufuneka ugcinwe ufumile ukuqinisekisa ukugqityezelwa kwenkqubo yokupholisa okumkayo. Ngokobukhulu kunye nommandla we-greenhouse, ifeni efanelekileyo inokufakwa eludongeni olujongene nomkhusane omanzi ukwenza umoya uhambe kakuhle kwi-greenhouse.

Umphumo wokupholisa umphunga unxulumene nokoma komoya, oko kukuthi, umahluko phakathi kobushushu bebhalbhu emanzi kunye nobushushu bebhalbhu eyomileyo. Umahluko phakathi kobushushu bebhalbhu eyomileyo kunye nemanzi yomoya ayihlukanga kuphela kwindawo yendawo kunye nexesha lonyaka, kodwa nakwi-greenhouse. Ngelixa iqondo lobushushu lebhalbhu eyomileyo kwindlu eluhlaza linokwahluka ukuya kutsho kwi-14°C, iqondo lobushushu lebhalbhu emanzi liyohluka kuphela malunga ne-1/3 yokufuma kwebhalbhu eyomileyo. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo yokuphuma komphunga isakwazi ukuphola ngexesha lasemini kwiindawo ezifumileyo, nto leyo efunekayo kwimveliso yegreenhouse.

umgaqo wokukhetha

Umgaqo wokukhetha ubungakanani bepadi emanzi kukuba inkqubo ye-pad emanzi kufuneka ifezekise umphumo oyifunayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-10 cm ubukhulu okanye i-15 cm ubukhulu bekhethini ezimanzi zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwizindlu zokutshala izityalo. Iphedi enentsinga eyi-10 cm etyebileyo ebaleka kwi-76 m/min yesantya somoya kwipadi. Iphedi yephepha eyi-15 cm ubukhulu ifuna isantya somoya esiyi-122 m/min.

Ubukhulu bomkhusane omanzi ukukhetha akufanele kuthathelwe ingqalelo indawo yejografi kunye neemeko zemozulu yendawo, kodwa kunye nomgama phakathi kwekhethini emanzi kunye nefeni kwi-greenhouse kunye novakalelo lwezityalo zeentyatyambo kwiqondo lobushushu. Ukuba umgama phakathi kwefeni kunye nomkhusane omanzi mkhulu (ngokubanzi ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-32), kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ikhethini emanzi eyi-15 cm; ukuba iintyatyambo ezilinyiweyo zivakalelwa ngakumbi kubushushu be-greenhouse kwaye zinokunyamezelwa kakubi kubushushu obuphezulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ikhethini emanzi eyi-15 cm. Umkhusane omanzi. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuba umgama phakathi kwekhethini emanzi kunye nefeni kwi-greenhouse encinci okanye iintyatyambo azikhathaleli kakhulu kwiqondo lokushisa, i-10 cm engqindilili yekhethini emanzi ingasetyenziswa. Ngokwembono yezoqoqosho, ixabiso lekhethini elimanzi eli-10 cm lingaphantsi kwe-15 cm ye-curtain emanzi, eyi-2/3 kuphela yexabiso layo. Ukongeza, ubungakanani obukhulu bokungena komoya kwekhethini elimanzi, kungcono. Ngenxa yokuba ubungakanani bokungena komoya buncinci kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwe-static luya kwanda, oluya kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwefeni kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.

Iindlela zoqikelelo lwezixhobo zokupholisa kwizindlu zemveli ezininzi ezibanzi:

1. Umthamo wokungena komoya oyimfuneko we-greenhouse = ubude be-greenhouse × ububanzi × 8cfm (Qaphela: i-cfm yiyunithi yokuhamba komoya, oko kukuthi, i-cubic feet ngomzuzu). Umthamo we-ventilation kwindawo yomgangatho weyunithi kufuneka ulungiswe ngokuhambelana nokuphakama kunye nokukhanya kokukhanya.

2. Qikelela indawo efunekayo yomkhusane omanzi. Ukuba kusetyenziswe umkhusane omanzi obunzima obuyi-10 cm, indawo yomkhusane omanzi = umthamo ofunekayo wokuphefumla wendlu eluhlaza/isantya somoya 250. Ukuba kusetyenziswe umkhusane omanzi oshinyeneyo obuyi-15 cm, indawo yomkhusane omanzi = umthamo oyimfuneko wokungena komoya wendlu eluhlaza/ isantya somoya 400. Yahlula indawo ebaliweyo yephedi emanzi ngobude bodonga lokungenisa umoya olugqunywe yiphedi emanzi ukufumana umphakamo wephedi emanzi. Kwiindawo ezifumileyo, umthamo womoya wefeni kunye nobungakanani bekhethini obumanzi kufuneka bonyuswe ngama-20%. Ngokomgaqo wokuba umoya oshushu uphezulu kwaye umoya obandayo uphantsi, ikhethini emanzi ye-fan kufuneka ifakwe ngaphezu kwe-greenhouse, kwaye kuyafana neendawo zokugcina izityalo ezakhiwe ngeentsuku zokuqala.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuye kwakho ukuhla ekufakeni amakhethini amanzi e-fan kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo. Ngoku kwinkqubo yokwakha i-greenhouse, ngokubanzi i-1/3 yobude befeni ifakwe ngaphantsi kwebhedi yembewu, i-2/3 ngaphezu kwendawo yembewu, kwaye ikhethini emanzi ifakwe i-30 cm ngaphezu komhlaba. Olu fakelo lusekelwe ikakhulu ekutyaleni phezu kombhede. Yenzelwe ubushushu obuviwa sisityalo. Ngenxa yokuba nangona iqondo lokushisa phezulu kwi-greenhouse liphezulu kakhulu, amaqabunga ezityalo akakwazi ukuvakalelwa, ngoko akunandaba. Akukho mfuneko yokuchitha ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okungafunekiyo ukunciphisa ubushushu beendawo ezingenakuchukunyiswa zizityalo. Ngelo xesha, i-fan ifakwe phantsi kwe-seedbed, ehambelana nokukhula kweengcambu zezityalo.