Ukukhulisa izingulube kudinga ukwenza izikwele ezinhlanu, okungukuthi, izinhlobo, ukudla okunomsoco, indawo ezungezile, ukuphatha, kanye nokuvimbela ubhubhane. Lezi zici ezinhlanu zibalulekile. Phakathi kwazo, imvelo, izinhlobonhlobo, ukudla okunomsoco, kanye nokuvimbela ubhubhane kubizwa ngokuthi imingcele emine emikhulu yezobuchwepheshe, futhi umthelela wezingulube zemvelo mkhulu. Uma ukulawulwa kwemvelo kungalungile, amandla okukhiqiza angeke adlalwe, kodwa futhi kuyimbangela yezifo eziningi. Kuphela ngokunikeza izingulube indawo yokuhlala enethezekile singanikeza ukudlala okugcwele emandleni ayo okukhiqiza.
Izimpawu zebhayoloji zezingulube yilezi: amazinyane esaba amakhaza, izingulube ezinkulu zesaba ukushisa, nezingulube azimanzi, futhi zidinga umoya ohlanzekile. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kanye nomklamo wobuciko wezingulube ezinkulu zepulazi lezingulube kufanele kubhekwe eduze kwalezi zinkinga. Lezi zici zithintana futhi ziyakhawulelana.
(1) Izinga lokushisa: Amazinga okushisa adlala indima enkulu ezicini zendawo ezungezile. Izingulube zizwela kakhulu ekuphakameni kwezinga lokushisa kwemvelo. Izinga lokushisa eliphansi yilona eliyingozi kakhulu kumachwane. Uma amazinyane engulube evezwa ku-1 ° C amahora angu-2, angaba yiqhwa, aqandiswe, futhi aqandiswe aze afe. Izingulube ezindala zingaqandiswa endaweni engu-8 ° C isikhathi eside, kodwa zingaqandiswa ngaphandle kokudla noma ukuphuza; izingulube ezizacile zingaqandiswa uma zise -5 ° C. Ukubanda kunomthelela omkhulu ongaqondile kumaphuphu. Kuyimbangela eyinhloko yezifo zohudo ezifana nezingulube kanye ne-gastroenteritis esithathelwanayo, futhi ingakhuthaza ukuvela kwezifo zokuphefumula. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi uma ingulube yokulondoloza imvelo ihlala endaweni engaphansi kuka-12 ° C, isilinganiso sayo sokuzuza isisindo eqenjini elilawulayo lehla ngo-4.3%. Iholo lokudla lizokwehliswa ngo-5%. Ngenkathi ebandayo, izidingo zokushisa zezindlu zezingulube zabantu abadala azikho ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C; indlu yengulube yemvelo kufanele igcinwe ku-18 ° C. Amaviki angu-2-3 amaphuphu adinga cishe u-26 ° C; amazinyane engulube phakathi nesonto eli-1 adinga imvelo engu-30 ° C; izinga lokushisa ebhokisini lokulondoloza liphakeme.
Umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku entwasahlobo nasekwindla mkhulu, ongafinyelela ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C. Izingulube ezigcwele azikwazi ukushintshwa futhi zingabangela kalula izifo ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuvala iminyango namafasitela ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze kuncishiswe umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku. Izingulube zabantu abadala azikwazi ukumelana nokushisa. Lapho izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka-28 ° C, ingulube enkulu enomzimba ongaphezu kuka-75kg ingaba nesifo sesifuba somoya: uma idlula ku-30 ​​° C, inani lokudla kwezingulube liyancipha kakhulu, inkokhelo yokudla iyancipha, futhi ukukhula kuhamba kancane. . Uma izinga lokushisa lingaphezulu kuka-35 ° C futhi lingathathi noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokupholisa ze-ejensi ephikisana nokulawulwa, ezinye izingulube ezinamafutha zingenzeka. Izinsikazi ezikhulelwe zingase zibangele ukuphuphuma kwesisu, isifiso sobulili sezingulube siyancipha, ikhwalithi yesidoda empofu, kanye no-2-3 ku-2-3 wabo. Kunzima ukululama phakathi nenyanga. Ukucindezeleka okushisayo kungalandela izifo eziningi.
Izinga lokushisa lendlu yengulube lincike emthonjeni wama-calories endlini yezingulube kanye nezinga lokulahlekelwa kokulahlekelwa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokungabi khona kwezinto zokushisisa, umthombo wokushisa uncike kakhulu ekushiseni komzimba wengulube nokukhanya kwelanga. Inani lokulahlekelwa ukushisa lihlobene nezici ezifana nesakhiwo, izinto zokwakha, imishini yokukhipha umoya kanye nokuphathwa kwendlu yezingulube. Enkathini ebandayo, izindawo zokufudumeza kanye nokushisa kufanele kwengezwe ukuze kuphakelwe izingulube ze-L Da kanye nezingulube zokulondoloza. Ehlobo elishisayo, umsebenzi wokulwa nokucindezeleka wezingulube ezindala kufanele wenziwe. Uma ukhuphula ukungena komoya kanye nokupholisa, sheshisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa. Yehlisa ukuminyana kokudla kwezingulube endlini yezingulube ukuze unciphise umthombo wokushisa endlini. Le nto
Umsebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu ezingulubeni ezikhulelwe nezingulube.
(2) Umswakama: Umswakamo usho inani lomswakamo osemoyeni endlini yezingulube. Ngokuvamile, imelelwa umswakama olinganiselwe. Indawo engcwele yesikhulu sengulube ingu-65% kuya ku-80%. Ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi endaweni engu-14-23 ° C, umswakama ohlobene ungama-50% kuya ku-80% wemvelo ofaneleka kakhulu ekusindeni kwezingulube. Misa imishini yokukhipha umoya futhi uvule iminyango namafasitela ukuze unciphise umswakama wekamelo.
(3) ukungena komoya: Ngenxa yobuningi bezingulube, umthamo wendlu yezingulube mncane futhi uvaliwe. Indlu yezingulube iqoqe inani elikhulu le-carbon dioxide, umoya, i-hydrogen sulfide nothuli. Isizini ebandayo evaliwe. Uma izingulube zihlala kule ndawo isikhathi eside, zingaqala zivuselele i-mucosa yokuphefumula okuphezulu, zibangele ukuvuvukala, futhi zenze izingulube zitheleleke noma zikhuthaze izifo zokuphefumula, njengesifuba somoya, i-pneumonia ye-pleural ethathelwanayo, i-pig pneumonia, njll. futhi kubangela i-pig's stress syndrome. Ibonakala ngokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ukuncipha kokuncelisa, ukusangana noma ukukhathala, nezindlebe ezihlafunayo. Ukungenisa umoya kuseyindlela ebalulekile yokuqeda amagesi ayingozi.

I-positive pressure ventilation kanye nesimiso sokupholisa
Umsingathi we-positive futhi engenisa umoya futhi epholisa phansi i-Eastern Evapable Cold Fin. Umgomo uwukuthumela umoya wemvelo ngaphandle kwendlu yemfuyo nezinkukhu ngokuhlunga nokupholisa ikhethini elimanzi, futhi ngokuqhubekayo uwuthumele endlini ngesistimu yawo yamapayipi okuphakelwa komoya kanye nomoya. , Amagesi ayingozi njenge-hydrogen sulfide akhishwa eminyango namafasitela evulekile noma evulekile ngendlela yokucindezela okuhle [njengezindlu ezivaliwe zemfuyo nezinkukhu kufanele kwengezwe abalandeli bengcindezi engalungile] ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kukhona indawo ehlanzekile nehlanzekile. indlu yemfuyo nezinkukhu. Indawo yomoya epholile nehlanzekile, inciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka ngezifo, yenza buthaka umthelela oshisayo wokuvuselela ukushisa emfuyweni nasezinkukhuni, futhi ixazulule isisombululo sesikhathi esisodwa sokungenisa umoya, ukupholisa, nokuhlanzwa. Ukungena komoya kahle kanye nokupholisa kancane kancane kuba yinketho yokuqala yamapulazi ezingulube amasha nashintshayo emapulazini amakhulu ezingulube. Kuphinde kube yisinqumo sokuqala samafekthri ahlukahlukene ukwenza ngcono ukungena komoya kanye nokupholisa indawo yokusebenzela.

Inzuzo eyinhloko kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-positive pressure ventilation kanye nesistimu yokupholisa
1. Isebenza endaweni evulekile, evulekile futhi evaliwe yamapulazi ezingulube amasha namadala, impilo yesevisi yeyunithi ingafinyelela iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10.
2. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane nokonga amandla, kuphela i-1 degree/ihora lamandla ngamamitha-skwele ayi-100, indawo yokukhipha umoya ngokuvamile ingaphola ngo-4 kuya ku-10 ° C, ukungena komoya, ukupholisa, umoya-mpilo, kanye nokuhlanzwa kukuxazulule ngesikhathi.
3. Iphuzu elimisiwe ukupholisa ingulube, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukene zokushisa kwezingulube nezingulube ukuze kuvinjelwe ngempumelelo amazinyane futhi kuhlanjululwe; ukusiza izingulube zikhuphuke ngo-40% esimweni sezulu esishisayo
4. Yenza buthaka ngokuphumelelayo ukucindezeleka okushisayo, uvimbele izifo, uvimbele ubunzima ekuzaleni, uthuthukise amazinyane engulube ukuze afinyelele izinga lokusinda, uthuthukise kakhulu izinga lesidoda sengulube esilungele izindawo zokugcina izithombo, amashede amakhulu, izingulube, izinkukhu, izinkomo nezinye izindlu zemfuyo nezinkukhu. Ilungele ikakhulukazi izingulube ezinkulu. Indlu yokulethwa kwensimu, indlu yokongiwa kwemvelo, ibha yezingulube, indlu yokukhuluphalisa